However, according to christensen, who coined the term in his 1997 book, the innovators dilemma, the ridehailing app isnt an example of true disruptive innovation. The most important book to learn more about this phenomena is disruptive technologies. Established companies tries to satisfy today customer needs and usually missed to. Critiquing the theory of disruptive innovation knowledge. In addition, there seems to be confusion in the use of the terms disruptive technology and disruptive innovation christensen, 2006. Jul 12, 2014 o ne of the sacred texts of the tech industry is the innovators dilemma by clayton m christensen. When confronted with a disruptive technology, established firms typically view them as a technical challenge and therefore seek to improve the disruptive technology enough so that it is suitable for known.
This highly practical book offers organizations a distinct response to emerging technologies including. Innovation strategy and management books by clayton. Harvard business school professor clayton christensen, 64, is best known for his 1997 book the innovators dilemma, which introduced the concept of disruptive innovation. Disruptive technologies outlines the steps businesses can take to engage with emerging technologies today in order to serve the consumer of tomorrow. Disruptive technology is often just a harbinger of a disruptive innovation. The aim of this paper is to discuss some of the consequences of this development, based on the work of the ebooks in sweden research project. There are fundamentally two varieties of disruptive innovation. Disruptive technologies may be seen as an opportunity or a threat, depending on ones role within an enterprise. Dec 17, 20 disruptive technologies may be seen as an opportunity or a threat, depending on ones role within an enterprise. What are the best books on innovative disruption and trends. He writes and speaks about disruptive innovation and technological change. By using a quicktomaster evaluation and decisionmaking framework structured around the key dimensions of technology, behaviour and data tbd.
Furthermore, finer categorization has been proposed, i. Windell 81220911 submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree magister in informatic technology in the school of information technology of the. But for every theory that reaches too far, there is a nugget of truth lurking at the centre. Disruptive technologies it strategy for innovation. How, then, is the development of the ebook going to disrupt this process, if it is, indeed, a disruptive technology. Exhibit 2 for a detailed example of 3d printing as a disruptive technology and its economic effects. Three unassailable facts will strike you as soon as you start to read the future of innovation. A disruptive technology is one that usually preserves the output the market desires good cars, good light, good journals, good books, but reshuffles the underlying value chain in such a way that some old players are.
The term disruptive technology was first introduced by clayton m. Christensen in his research on the diskdrive industry and later popularized by his book the innovators dilemma, published in 1997. Christensens disruptive innovation model, published in 1997, provides an explanation for the inability of wellmanaged, industryleading companies to stay atop of their industry when confronted with new, ground breaking technological innovations. What most see as disruptive is simply a clone with a scar and it comes with a see, its unique but it isnt. The idea factory which is about the incredible story of bell labs. Business guru clayton m christensens big idea of disruptive innovation has been distorted out of all recognition john naughton sat 12 jul 2014 19. A disruptive technology mainly captures the minds eye of the market because it brings about a twist in the market which is not there in sustaining technology.
Books starting with the classic the innovators dilemma, clayton christensen has written some of the most insightful, influential, and talkedabout business books of the past 20 years. The impact of disruptive technologies on designated organisations within the it industry in south africa mini dissertation by a. Oct 02, 2015 the ebook is a disruptive technology, and i expect it to follow the same trajectory as so many other disruptive technologies weve seen, such as the iphone its hard to think of the iphone as a disruptive technology with it being the established standard, but it was once disruptive to the cell phone market which was dominated by blackberry. In business theory, a disruptive innovation is an innovation that creates a new market and value network and eventually disrupts an existing market and value network, displacing established marketleading firms, products, and alliances. Disruptive technologies provides a clear roadmap to assess, respond to and problemsolve.
In 1997, he published a book the innovators dilemma in which he explains his theory of disruptive technology in great detail. It expands on the concept of disruptive technologies, a term he coined in a 1995 article disruptive technologies. Josh gans weighs in on the lepore article, and the theory of disruptive innovation more generally, by noting that at the core of the theory of disruptive innovation lies a new technology, and the appeal of that technology or what it enables to consumers. In one of the most influential business books of our time, christensen introduced the world to the concept of disruptive innovation, showing how even the most outstanding companies can do everything rightyet still lose market leadership. Together they are estimated to affect trillions of dollars of economic activity and tens of millions of workers. Disruptive products tend to be simpler, cheaper, and more reliable and convenient than established products. Centre for technology management institute for manufacturing. In subsequent studies, the term disruptive technology has been replaced by disruptive innovation cited in yu and hang 2011, p. Disruptive technologies and their implications for economic. The innovators dilemma, according to christensen, describes companies whose successes and capabilities can actually become obstacles in the face of changing markets and. Disruptive businessmodel innovations enlarge the existing economic pie p.
Chapter 14 the electronic book as a disruptive technology. Clayton christensen on disruptive innovation harvard. Aug 07, 2012 disruptive technology is often just a harbinger of a disruptive innovation. His first book, the innovators dilemma, articulated his theory of disruptive technology. Christensen 1997 notes that the products of a disruptive technology tend to be simpler and cheaper than the established equivalent, they offer lower marginal profits and emerge initially in emerging or. Clayton magleby christensen april 6, 1952 january 23, 2020 was an american academic and business consultant who developed the theory of disruptive innovation, first introduced in his 1997 book the innovators dilemma, which has been called the most influential business idea of the early 21st century, and which led the economist to term him the most influential management thinker of his time. Disruptive innovation, a term of art coined by clayton christensen, describes a process by which a product or service takes root initially in simple applications at the bottom of a market and then relentlessly moves up market, eventually displacing established competitors.
The key to its seductive appeal lies in the subtitle. Jan 06, 2014 disruptive innovation was the economic force that brought computing power to the masses. The theory explains the phenomenon by which an innovation transforms an existing market or sector by introducing simplicity, convenience, accessibility, and affordability. Why disruptive innovation matters to education christensen.
Christensen by maria teplykh and tatyana mikhailova there is quite a common pattern following which many well established leading companies failed. Forecasting future disruptive technologies of the national research council nrc was. This book offers the knowledge and tools to engage confidently with emerging technologies for better business. Jun 17, 2014 josh gans weighs in on the lepore article, and the theory of disruptive innovation more generally, by noting that at the core of the theory of disruptive innovation lies a new technology, and the appeal of that technology or what it enables to consumers. Christensen disruptive technology enhanced learning. The music industry as a case study for enabling disruptive innovation in consolidated markets introduction disruptive innovation is a term of art coined by harvard professor clayton christensen in his book the innovators dilemma.
Glad you read the book, i did, glad you found it motivating. Such replacement has brought very small value in the delivery of taxi services. The electronic book, or ebook, is a book that is read on a computer or other electronic device2. A disruptive technology is an unexpected innovation that improves upon existing technology in a way that opens new markets or creates new values. Small offroad motorcycles from honda, kawasaki, and yamaha disrupted the hegemony of large, powerful bikes from harleydavidson and bmw. Ever since clayton christensen published his book the innovators dilemma in 1997 its popularity hasincreased every year. Ever since clayton christensen published his book the innovators dilemma in 1997. His books are required reading for anyone seeking to harness the power of innovation for progress, transformation, and growth.
Disruptive technologies and their implications for. Though christensen at first used the term disruptive technology 1997 he later preferred the term disruptive innovation to encompass the need for new business models christensen and raynor. Oct 03, 2009 christian sandstrom holds a phd from chalmersuniversity of technology, sweden. The revolutionary book that will change the way you do business 1st ed. In this figure, the rapid development of disruptive technology supersedes various levels. Disruptive innovation disruptive innovation, a term of art coined by clayton christensen, describes a process by which a product or service takes root initially in simple applications at the bottom of a market and then relentlessly moves up market, eventually displacing established competitors. To explain the impact of the ebook phenomenon we use. We limit the scope of this paper to innovators who depend. The ebook and its associated technology have emerged as a disruptive technology over the past ten years. The innovators dilemma demonstrates why outstanding companies that had their competitive antennae up, listened. The book seeks to explain why certain businesses are successful in their ventures and why other firms fail in response to new technologies.
Sep 09, 2015 in subsequent studies, the term disruptive technology has been replaced by disruptive innovation cited in yu and hang 2011, p. Disruptive technologies and disruptive innovation media essay. Provocatively titled, disrupting class is just what americas k12 education system needsa well thoughtthrough proposal for using technology to better serve. Christensen in his research on the diskdrive industry and later popularized by his book the innovators dilemma, published in 1997 the theory explains the phenomenon by which an innovation transforms an existing market or sector by introducing simplicity, convenience, accessibility. Disruptive innovation was the economic force that brought computing power to the masses. Christensens theory of disruptive innovation has gripped the business consciousness like few other ideas. Goes into details of their inventions and the crazy people in a good way who made up bell labs. The theory of disruptive innovation was first coined by harvard professor clayton m. A disruptive technology is a technology or innovation, which is initially a combination of niche technologies or innovative ideas to create a high end product or service, typically such which the existing market does not expect. Harvard business school professor clayton christensen, 64, is best known for his 1997 book the innovators dilemma, which introduced the concept of. The term was defined and first analyzed by the american scholar clayton m.
The aim of this paper is to discuss some of the consequences of this development, based on the work of the e books in sweden research project. Thus the theory of disruptive innovation has been extended from its original formulation to other areas. The innovators dilemma is an interesting work written by clayton m. Christensen and his collaborators beginning in 1995, and has. The theory of disruptive innovation, introduced in these pages in 1995, has proved to be a powerful way of thinking about innovationdriven growth. Disruptive means that the disruptive technology doesnt exist and it is not a rehashing of existing books.
In a similar manner, personal tutelage is an educational technology that has been around for centuries, but has historically only been available to the children of nobility or the wealthy elite. Clayton christensen on what he got wrong about disruptive. It has basically replaced telephone in calling taxis with geolocation based apps. In his book, the innovators dilemma, professor clayton christensen of harvard business school describes a theory about how large, outstanding firms can fail by doing everything right. Clay christensen s groundbreaking bestselling work in education now updated and expanded, including a new chapter on christensen s seminal jobs to be done theory applied to education. When new technologies cause great firms to fail, defines a disruptive productprocess not as a totally radical, cutting edge invention, but as the creation of a new value network and a process by which a product or service takes root initially in simple applications at the bottom of a market and then.
Persistent forecasting of disruptive technologies committee. Christensen in 1995 in his article disruptive technologies. Markides 2006 develops christensens work 1997, 2003 by identifying subcategories of innovation, including disruptive businessmodel innovation, and disruptive product innovation. Porters laws and disruptive technology computer graphics. Oct 03, 2016 harvard business school professor clayton christensen, 64, is best known for his 1997 book the innovators dilemma, which introduced the concept of disruptive innovation. Feb 10, 2016 the most important book to learn more about this phenomena is disruptive technologies.
The ebook is a disruptive technology, and i expect it to follow the same trajectory as so many other disruptive technologies weve seen, such as the iphone its hard to think of the iphone as a disruptive technology with it being the established standard, but it was once disruptive to the cell phone market which was dominated by blackberry. One of the first books to make a splash in the disruptive marketing space has to be blue ocean strategy. Clayton christensen massachusetts institute of technology. As a potential threat sthomond, herzberg and lettice 2003 investigate some ways that companies do this. When new technologies cause great firms to fail, generally referred to as the innovators dilemma, first published in 1997, is the bestknown work of the harvard professor and businessman clayton christensen. Christensen is an associate professor at harvard business school.
This has been a bestseller since its initial publication more than 15 years ago and it continues to be the touchstone book when folks talk about the idea of turning industries and markets on their ear and how to do it. The disruptive technology starts to attract customers, and is on its way to staggering the industrys giants. Harnessing disruptive innovation sdisruptive innovation can be a good thing sorganizations need to recognize disruptive innovation %. This will help you understand the theory behind disrupti. Established players can be threatened and disrupted by lowerquality offerings that fulfill the needs of overserved customersand those offerings tend to improve over time.